In vitro cytotoxicity of zinc oxide, iron oxide and copper nanopowders prepared by green synthesis

摘要

Abstract In vitro cytotoxic effects of ZnO, FeO and Cu metallic nanopowders (NPs) on Vero (African green monkey kidney cell line), {PK} 15 (Pig kidney cell line) and Madin Darby Bovine Kidney (MDBK) cell lines were investigated at different time intervals (24 and 48 h). {MTT} (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay was used to determine the cytotoxic effects of green synthesized (plant based) nanopowders. The comparative effects of exposure period and concentration of nanopowders on cell viability were studied. Green synthesized nanopowders showed varying activity on different type of cells and the effect was generally based on the concentration and exposure time. In {MDBK} cells, only ZnO nanopowder (NP) showed significant effect on cell viability. The ZnO {NP} showed improved cell viability at lower concentration (10 μg/100 μl) in all type of cells (Vero, {PK} 15 and {MDBK} cells). In contrast, FeO {NP} showed better activity at the concentration of 10 μg/100 μl, 50 μg/100 μl and 40 μg/100 μl after 24 h exposure time in Vero, {PK} 15 and {MDBK} cells respectively. However better cell viability was observed in Cu {NP} treated Vero, {PK} 15 and {MDBK} cells at 40 μg/100 μl, 20 μg/100 μl and 10 μg/100 μl correspondingly. These studies suggested that the activity of green synthesized {NPs} were highly dependent on concentration, exposure time and type of cells.