Effect of Radiotherapy on Non-Neoplastic and Malignant Prostate

摘要

Pathologists nowadays are frequently confronted with post-radiotherapy biopsies of the prostate. It is critical torecognize the changes of benign prostatic tissue with radiation effect, which include frequent acinar atrophy, acinardistortion, basal cell hyperplasia, decreased acinar/stromal ratio, and stromal fibrosis. The non-neoplastic irradiatedprostate can have nuclear enlargement and bizarre nuclei, changes overlapping or exceeding those commonly seen inprostatic adenocarcinoma. The presence of high-grade PIN adjacent to acini in question favors a cancer diagnosis. Ceratinimmunostains, particularly cytokeratin 34?E12, in conjunction with selected other markers, can help the pathologistdetermine whether residual cancer is present in the most difficult cases.