Developing the Educational Milestones for Ophthalmology

摘要

Introduction A key dimension of the Next Accreditation System is the educational Milestones. Assessment of resident performance on Ophthalmology Milestones will allow programs to offer enhanced feedback to their trainees on progress in dimensions of performance relevant to the unsupervised practice in the specialty. Aggregated to the program level, the Milestones will be 1 indicator of the educational effectiveness of residency programs, moving the focus of resident education from process to outcomes.;Milestone Development History In 2000, the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) Outcomes Project was initiated; the ophthalmic community, like other specialty stakeholders groups, was charged with developing or identifying tools to evaluate the specialty-specific competencies. Educational leaders in ophthalmology were asked to delineate “outcomes” for the competencies and the metrics by which the residency review committee (RRC) would evaluate the effectiveness of programs in teaching and assessing residents. The American Board of Ophthalmology (ABO) task force on the competencies, comprised leaders in the ophthalmology program director community, developed several tools, including the competency-based global evaluation and the Ophthalmic Clinical Evaluation Exercise. In 2010, after the formation of Milestone working groups for several core ACGME specialties, the leaders of both the ABO and the Association of University Professors of Ophthalmology (AUPO) Program Directors Council began to explore Milestone development for ophthalmology. The ABO initiated discussions with the ACGME to investigate the formation of an Ophthalmology Milestone Working Group. Members for an Ophthalmology Milestone Working Group (composed of leadership of the PDC, RRC, and ABO, and including 1 resident member) and an advisory group (composed of leadership from ABO, ACGME, American Academy of Ophthalmology, and AUPO) were selected, and vetted jointly by ABO and ACGME. Anthony C. Arnold, MD, was selected to chair the group (box). Box Members of the Ophthalmology Milestone Development Group and Advisory Group Ophthalmology Milestone Development Group Anthony Arnold, MD, University of California-Los Angeles Medical Center, Chair Maria Aaron, MD, Emory University School of Medicine J. P. Dunn, MD, John Hopkins University Medical Center Karl Golnik, MD, Med, University of Cincinnati Medical Center Richard Harper, MD, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Paul Langer, MD, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey; New Jersey Medical School Andrew Lee, MD, The Methodist Hospital James Orcutt, MD, VA Puget Sound Health Care System Alfredo Sadun, MD, PhD, Doheny Eye Institute Mike Siatkowski, MD, University of Oklahoma Tara Uhler, MD, Wills Eye Residency Program at Jefferson Nicholas Volpe, MD, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Ophthalmology Milestone Advisory Group John Clarkson, MD, American Board of Ophthalmology, Chair Timothy Brigham, MDiv, PhD, Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) Mark Juzych, MD, Residency Review Committee for Ophthalmology, ACGME Bartly Mondino, MD, Association of University Professors of Ophthalmology Patricia Levenberg, PhD, ACGME David Parke, MD, American Academy of Ophthalmology Susan Swing, PhD, ACGME;General Features of the Ophthalmology Milestones The Ophthalmology Milestones are designed as a template for evaluation of resident physicians at various points of training, from entry through completion. The Milestones are organized using the 6 ACGME competencies of physician performance, with a set of subcompetencies for each competency. Performance language is provided as a guide to allow categorization across a set of Milestones, from beginning resident to graduation (OPH 1–5). Implicit in the Milestones within the set are assumptions about the level of supervision required (direct, indirect, oversight). Categorization at a specified level assumes that