There have been a paucity of published data on the distribution of urino-genital trichomoniasis in this part of the globe. The study was intended to determine the epidemiology of the infection so as to serve as baseline information for future studies in this part of the world. One thousand five hundred and twenty subjects aged 15-64 years, were randomly selected from some health facilities in the state. Ethical approval from the State Ministry of Health was obtained and informed consent of the subjects was sought before commencing the research. Culture, staining and wet preparation techniques were employed to identify the causative parasite. An overall prevalence of 2.6%, was recorded which varied significantly by settlement status (P<0.005). No significant difference in the infection rate in relation to Age (P>0.05), gender (P>0.005) and marital status of the subjects (P>0.05). Although relatively low rate of the infection was recorded in this study, adequate management and control of the infection was advocated to prevent future epidemic of the infection. Introduction Urino-genital trichomoniasis can be defined as an infection of male and female urino-genital tracts by Trichomonas vaginalis. Over 120 million females are infected annually worldwide while the prevalence ranges between 2% and 50% among women in Africa (1). Inspite of frequent reports on the public health importance of urino-genital trichomoniasis, its prevalence still continues to rise in many countries of the world (2). Trichomonas vaginalis, the aetiological agent of urino-genital trichomoniasis, is a flagellated protozoan, site-specific and mostly sexually transmitted human parasite. It was first identified in 1836 as a harmless vagina commensal, but was later associated with vaginal discharge hence said to be pathogenic. (3). The infection is common among sexually active males and females especially during the child bearing age. It is frequently encountered among 50% of women complaining of abnormal vaginal discharge and itching. (4). Vaginal trichomoniasis may be transmitted to neonates in a similar way as other genital infections during birth (5).In new York, a study carried out among some women in the city reported (6) 47% prevalence rate while in another, conducted between 1992 and 1995 among a cohort of 212 women in Los Angels, urino-genital trichomoniasis was the most frequently identified sexually transmitted infection with 19.4% prevalence rate(7). In Kenya, a study reported(8) a prevalence of 34.4% of urino-genital trichomoniasis in the country. In Nigeria a research conducted at Lagos University Teaching Hospital showed trichomoniasis prevalence rate of 8.2% among the women sampled (9). At University Hospital, Ibadan a prevalence rate of 20.5% out of 151 women attending infertility clinic was recorded. In Jos, Adebayo recorded (10) 12.3% prevalence rate of Trichomonas vaginalis from pregnant women attending gynaecology clinic (11), while 24.1% was recorded in a similar work done among pregnant women in the same city (12).However, there have been a paucity of published data on the distribution of the infection in Adamawa State, Nigeria. This study was therefore focused on the determination of the epidemiological distribution of the infection in the state with the aim of providing baseline information for future studies on urino-genital trichomoniasis in north-eastern Nigeria. Subjects and Methods Study PopulationThe study was conducted between January 2006 and October 2007 in rural and urban settlements of Adamawa State, Nigeria. It was health-centre based to avoid inadequate sample that may arise from stigma attached to sexually transmitted infection. A total of 1520 subjects aged 15-64 years were randomly examined among pregnant and non-pregnant women, sick and apparently health men and some women attending family planning clinics in the selected health centres. Prior to the commencement of sample collection ethical approvals were obtained from a
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