An??lisis espacial en epidemiolog?-a: revisi?3n de m??todos

摘要

Spatial analysis is a set of techniques that use the geographical locations of the events as input data. The use of spatial analysis techniques in epidemiological studies has been growing rapidly in the last decades because they allow geographic or spatial variability to be included in the analyses. This paper makes a general review of the methods of spatial analysis applied to epidemiology and aims to encourage the study of spatial analysis and promote the incorporation of these techniques in current research. We describe the methods of spatial analysis from the descriptive and analytical approach emphasizing the use, advantages and limitations of choropleth maps, hypothesis tests and the identification of clusters of diseases.