Influence of Soil Tillage upon the Yield of Several Winter Wheat Varieties Grown in the Ilfov Area - Romania

摘要

The experiment was placed on chromic luvisol at the Moara Domneasc?? Teaching Farm belonging to the University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest. The soil tillage experimental variants were: a 1 - ploughed at 20 cm in depth (control - conventional system SC); a 2 - chisel ploughed at 20 cm in depth; a 3 - chisel plough at 40 cm in depth; a 4 - disking at 10 cm in depth (minimum tillage system MTS). The wheat varieties analysed were: four wheat varieties b 1 - Dropia;?? b 2 - Apache; b 3 - Jindra; b 4 - Altigo, and two hybrids b 5 - Hyspeed; b 6 -Hylux. Basic tillage was performed during the last decade of September. Sowing density was about 480 g.g./m 2 in varieties and 240 g.g./m 2 in hybrids. Fertilization was applied at a N 140 P 70 K 70 kg rate a.s./ha, plus?? foliar fertilization based on?? Hortifor 2.5 kg/ha. Climatic conditions for 2014 were favourable for wheat crop, as they allowed plants to show their yield potential. Grain yield ranged between 7,640 kg/ha in the disc tillage Dropia variety and 9,620 kg/ha in the Hyspeed hybrid under minimum soil tillage conditions (chisel 40). Yield and crop parametres vared depending on the wheat variety grown. The number of yielding sprouts and grain weight per spike in hybrids were higher than in the varieties. Minimum soil tillage (chiselling) results in wheat yields closer to the conventional variant.