Consumption of non- or low-fat dairy products is recommended as a strategy to lower the risk of childhood obesity. However, recent evidence suggests that consumption of whole fat dairy products may, in fact, be protective against obesity. Our objective was to determine the association between milk fat consumption and severe obesity among three-year-old Latino children, a population with a disproportionate burden of obesity and severe obesity. 24-hour-dietary recalls were conducted to determine child intake in San Francisco based cohort recruited in 2006–7. Mother-child dyads were weighed and measured. The 24-hour recall data was analyzed to determine participants' consumption of whole milk, 2% milk, and 1% milk. The milk consumption data was used to calculate grams of milk fat consumed. The cross-sectional association between milk fat intake and severe obesity (BMI≥99th percentile) was determined using multivariable logistic regression. Data were available for 145 children, of whom 17% were severely obese. Severely obese children had a lower mean intake of milk fat (5.3g vs. 8.9g) and fewer drank any milk (79% versus 95% for not severely obese children (p<0.01)). Among the potential confounders assessed, maternal BMI and maternal marital status were associated with severe obesity and were included in a multivariate model. In the multivariate model, higher milk fat consumption was associated with lower odds of severe obesity (OR 0.88 CI 0.80–0.97). Higher milk fat consumption is associated with lower odds of severe obesity among Latino preschoolers. These results call into question recommendations that promote consumption of lower fat milk. Highlights ? Current guidelines recommend that children consume low-fat milk. ? Prior literature suggests that full fat milk may protect against obesity. ? We evaluated how milk fat consumption relates to weight in Latino children. ? We found that milk fat consumption was protective against severe obesity.
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机译：建议食用无脂或低脂乳制品作为降低儿童肥胖风险的策略。但是，最近的证据表明，食用全脂乳制品实际上可以预防肥胖。我们的目标是确定三岁的拉丁裔儿童（肥胖和严重肥胖的负担不成比例）中的乳脂消耗与严重肥胖之间的关系。在2006年7月招募的旧金山队列中，进行了24小时饮食召回以确定儿童的摄入量。母子二重体被称重并测量。分析24小时召回数据以确定参与者的全脂奶，2％牛奶和1％牛奶的消耗量。牛奶消耗量数据用于计算消耗的牛奶脂肪克数。使用多变量logistic回归确定乳脂摄入量与严重肥胖（BMI≥99％）之间的横断面关联。有145名儿童的数据可用，其中17％为严重肥胖。重度肥胖儿童的乳脂平均摄入量较低（5.3g vs. 8.9g），少喝任何牛奶（非重度肥胖儿童的乳汁摄入量分别为79％和95％（p <0.01））。在评估的潜在混杂因素中，母亲的BMI和母亲的婚姻状况与严重肥胖有关，并纳入多变量模型中。在多变量模型中，较高的乳脂消耗与较低的严重肥胖几率相关（OR 0.88 CI 0.80-0.97）。拉丁裔学龄前儿童中较高的乳脂消耗与严重肥胖的几率较低。这些结果引起了人们对促进低脂牛奶消费的建议的质疑。强调 ？当前的指南建议儿童食用低脂牛奶。 ？先前的文献表明，全脂牛奶可以预防肥胖。 ？我们评估了拉丁裔儿童的乳脂消耗量与体重之间的关系。 ？我们发现食用牛奶脂肪可以预防严重肥胖。
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