The WHO-UNICEF Joint Monitoring Program (JMP) for Water and Sanitation, which tracks progress towards the water and sanitation targets of the Millennium Development Goals, estimates that 36% of the world's population, or 2.5 billion people, lack access to an improved sanitation facility, defined by the JMP as “one that hygienically separates human excreta from human contact” [1]. This situation means that a large proportion of the world's people live at risk of contamination of their environment by human fecal matter.
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