Combining ability and heritability analysis for yield and yield contributing characters in chilli (Capsicum annuum) landraces

摘要

Six different homozygous divergent parents, CCA 2, CCA 5, BARI Morich 1, CCA 11, CCA 15 and CCA 19 were evaluated for combining ability using 6×6 diallel cross excluding reciprocals. The results showed that the general combining ability (GCA) was significant for all days to 50% flowering, fruit length, fruit width, fruit weight, days to fruit maturity (green), days to maturity (ripe), plant height, plant canopy width, number of seeds per plant, number of fruits per plant and yield per plant. Significant specific combining ability (SCA) was also observed for all the measured variables except fruit width. Both additive and non-additive effects influenced the performance of the hybrid in all the traits. The non-additive effects played a more important role than additive effects in studied traits. The parents CCA 5, BARI Morich 1 and CCA 19 were found as the reliable general combiners. Considering the SCA effects and mean performance, hybrids 36 and 23 were the best genotypes. Top two yield were obtained in hybrids 36 (BARI Morich 1× CCA 19) (898.87g yield per plant) and 23 (CCA 5× BARI Morich) (833.63g yield per plant). No parent and cross had significant GCA and SCA effects, respectively in all the traits studied. Broad sense heritability of all the 11 characters was above 90% indicating that all traits are highly heritable. Narrow sense heritability of days to 50% flowering, fruit length, fruit width, fruit weight, days to fruit maturity (green), days to maturity (ripe), plant height, plant canopy width were high (37.34-81.26), whereas the number of seeds per plant, number of fruits per plant and yield per plant were in medium range of narrow sense heritability (18.42- 29.19). Estimates of heritability by mid parent-offspring regression indicated that all the studied traits were highly heritable.