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Posthumanism and Design

机译:后人类主义与设计

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Since at least the mid-1980s, design has been dominated by a human-centered and user-centered paradigm. Currently, the implications of technological and environmental transformations are challenging designers to focus on complex socio-technical systems. This article traces emergent discussions around posthumanism from across a range of disciplines and perspectives, and considers examples from emerging design practices that emphasize the interrelations between human and nonhuman actors. Specifically, this article reviews literature from actor-network theory (ANT), feminist new materialism, object-oriented ontology, non-representational theory, and transhumanism to inform the development of new methodologies and practices in the field of design. Finally, this article presents critiques of posthumanism from critical race theory and decolonial theory to consider how emergent design perspectives might better support values such as equality and justice for humans and nonhumans that have been traditionally ignored in design processes. Highlights ? Posthumanism represents the possibility of an emerging turn in the field of design. ? This article summarizes literature about posthumanism from several fields. ? This article gives an overview of related emerging design practices. ? This article also presents several critiques of posthumanism.
机译:至少从1980年代中期开始,设计一直以以人为中心和以用户为中心的范例为主导。当前,技术和环境转型的含义正在使设计师面临挑战,要求他们专注于复杂的社会技术系统。本文从各种学科和角度追溯了围绕后人类主义的新兴讨论,并考虑了新兴设计实践中的一些实例,这些实例强调了人类与非人类参与者之间的相互关系。具体地说,本文回顾了演员网络理论(ANT),女权主义的新唯物主义,面向对象的本体论,非代表性理论和超人类主义的文献,以指导设计领域新方法和实践的发展。最后,本文从批判种族理论和殖民主义理论出发,对后人类主义进行了批判,以考虑新兴的设计观点如何更好地支持在设计过程中传统上被忽视的价值观念,例如对人类和非人类的平等与正义。强调 ?后人类主义代表着设计领域出现新的转变的可能性。 ?本文从多个领域总结了有关后人类主义的文献。 ?本文概述了相关的新兴设计实践。 ?本文还提出了对后人类主义的几种批评。

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