Procédés d’obtention d’acides gras à?partir de?microalgues et?leurs évolutions

摘要

Microalgae have the potential to produce lipids with a high productivity such as two to three times what we may do with plants. We know also that the lipid quality can add value (EPA and DHA) to cosmetics and food complements. Even if the industrial scale is not reached yet, we know that we have to adapt to the lipid extraction process. In fact, the main problem is to remove water and to release lipid from cells in order to decrease the use of organic solvents. Others technologies are under process to prevent the use of such solvents. Also, the purpose of this article will be to expose the new extraction processes and their industrial potential for cosmetic applications. Then, some technologies of drying, supercritical CO2 extraction, enzymatic extraction, oil extraction, and new solvents to be used for extraction will be described. These may bring some outlooks for the future, thanks to the multiple lipid activities on physiology and to the global sustainability of the system.