Management and surveillance of honey-bee pests and diseases in Southern Africa

摘要

Honey bee health is governed globally by the OIE, speci?cally by the Terrestrial Animal Health Code chapter 4.14. and section 9, which set out the guidelines for theof?cial health control of bee diseases [1]. The purpose of such guidelines is to control honey-bee pests and diseases, and to ensure the safe international trade of bees and bee products.