Revisitando a história da organiza??o da ciência: agências de política científica em perspectiva comparada

摘要

It is relatively frequent, within the social sciences, particularly the history of science, to recognize, with more or less focus, the role of institutionalization and professionalization processes in the development of Science and Technology. However, differences between various agencies of Science (and Technology) are not yet sufficiently understood, including their profiles and the different historical contexts in which have been created, reformed and/or recreated, which makes up different models and historical implications as regards the assumptions of national science policies. By following a comparative history methodology, the main purpose of this article is to understand, compare and differentiate the relevant national experiences related to different national science policies agencies, across some European countries and the United States, during the 20th century, but with particular focus on the inter-war period.