ANáLISIS DEL COMPORTAMIENTO DE LOS LIXIVIADOS GENERADOS EN UN VERTEDERO DE RESIDUOS SóLIDOS MUNICIPALES DE LA CIUDAD DE LA HABANA

摘要

Havana City has three provincial landfills to dispose municipal solid wastes: Calle 100, Guanabacoa and Ocho Vías. The objective of the present work is to analyze the behavior of leachates monitoring results in Calle 100 landfill, carried out in 2004, 2007 and 2008. Field and laboratory measurements were made, being studied physico-chemical and microbiological indicators: temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, electrical conductivity, DBO5, DQO, TDS, TSS and TVS, heavy metals, Cr +6 , total CN - , N-NH 3 , N-NO 2 , N-NO 3 , total N, total P, oils and fats, phenols, detergents, alkalinity, acidity and turbidity, using normalized or validated methods. The results were compared with the maximum permissible averages limits of the Cuban standard NC 27:99, to check whether this standard was accomplished. Flow measurements were carried out using the seating capacity with floats method. The organic load that was discharging to the river was calculated as 66 – 73 BOD t year -1 . The results demonstrate the undesirable environmental effects of the leachates from Calle 100 landfill, taking into account that the Cuban standard for wastewater disposal is not fulfilled and the organic load that is disposed.