Incidencia de la hipertensión arterial en gestantes con oligohidramnios

摘要

A retrospective longitudinal and descriptive study was undertaken to find out the incidence of both chronic and gestational blood hypertension on gestation of 28 weeks and over complicated with oligohydrammnios, and compare it with that of idiopathic oligohidramnios, at the gynecological and obstetric hospital of Guanabacoa municipality during 2 years (2002 and 2003). One hundred sixty four patients (sample) with oligohydramnios out of 200 cases diagnosed in this period (universe) were divided into two groups to be studied: one included 60 cases with high blood pressure and the other comprised 104 cases of idiopathic cause. Other types of causes were not included. The results showed that the main cause of oligohydramnios was idiopathic but HBP holds a significant position; the majority were considered as slight (ILA from4 to 5 cm) and they occur in term pregnancies in both groups, although in hypertensives, they increase preterm whereas in idiopathic cases, they occur mostly postterm. The number of cesarean sections performed as well as perinatal morbidity and mortality were slightly higher in hypertensive patients. It was concluded that high blood pressure plays an important role in the origin of oligohydramnios particularly in term pregnancies, however, idiopathic oligohydramnios are equally harmful in terms of perinatal outcomes and distocic labor. Likewise, a thorough research on the idiopathic cause of oligohydramnios and a prophylactic work to reduce blood hypertension were recommended.