Métodos de enxertia por garfagem de cultivares de marmeleiro no porta-enxerto 'Japonês'

摘要

The quince tree has always been commercially propagated by cuttings. Due to low vigor of the young plants, mainly in the first years of the orchard, a series of works was developed in Brazil in order to make possible the use of the 'Japonês' quince (Chaenomeles sinensis Koehne) as a rootstock. The results were satisfactory but the lack of other best grafting method developed this work to verify the performance of quince cultivars grafted on 'Japonês, by two different grafting methods. The 'Provence', 'Mendoza Inta-37', 'Portugal', 'Smyrna' and 'Japonês' quinces were grafted by the cleft grafting method onto 'Japonês', by 'full rift' and 'complicated English' methods in the dormant period. The scion sticks used had three buds each and were collected from the mother plants at the Agronomic Institute (IAC). The young plants were maintained in the nursery and evaluated after 60 days for the percentage of sprouted grafts. The length and the diameter of the grafts were measured 60, 90, 120 and 150 days after grafting. It was concluded that the 'Japonês' and 'Provence' quince tree were grafted by the cleft grafting method through 'full rift', the 'Smyrna' and 'Mendoza Inta-37' through the 'complicated English' and the 'Portugal' independently of the method.