Problemas y soluciones en la implementación de un Programa de Implante Valvular Aórtico Percutáneo

摘要

Background Survival of severe symptomatic aortic valve replacement in patients who are not candidates for cardiac surgery is low. Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) represents an alternative for these patients. Candidates for TAVI are evaluated in our TAVI Program, firstly to determine if they are clinically eligible and secondly to request the health medical coverage the authorization of the procedure. Objectives To evaluate the reasons for the exclusion of patients from the procedure and its clinical impact. Methods From April 2009 to August 2011, 37 patients were admitted in the TAVI Program. Results From the original 37 patients, 29 were divided into two groups: TAVI group (14 patients undergoing the procedure, 48.3%) and no TAVI group (15 patients rejected for the procedure, 52.7%). In the no TAVI group, six patients (40%) were rejected by the Program and four by the medical coverage, while other five died waiting for the authorization. Median EuroSCORE was of 22% (range 10-56%) and mean age was 79±8 years. After 12 months of follow-up, mortality in the TAVI group and no TAVI group was 7.1% and 33.3%, respectively (p=0.082). Overall cardiovascular mortality was of 17.2%, in all the cases in the no TAVI group. Conclusion In our environment, more than half of the patients evaluated in a TAVI Program do not undergo the procedure. Medical and social and economic reasons influence the decision-making process and carrying out TAVI, with an important mortality in untreated patients.