The aim of this study is to study and evaluate the fluidization and optimum backwashing conditions which include minimum fluidization velocity, expanded bed porosity and energy dissipation under different operation conditions with different media grain size in multimedia filter. Theoretical and experimental study was performed to evaluate the backwashing process of multimedia filter by fluidizing the filter media whereas backwashing Process was carried out by a pilot laboratory filter of multimedia filter column using different characteristics of filters media. A model was built to predict the expanded bed filter and the fluidized porosity. The result showed that proposed model give a good fit with observed data. It is observed that smaller grain sand was needed a lower value of backwash rate then of the higher grain sand to rise the filter media and the fixed porosity 0.51 will expand to the optimum fluidized porosity 0.704 for a bigger value of grain sand while the smaller value of grain diameter 0.5 mm was expanded to the optimum fluidized porosity 0.68. It is also concluded that the effluent turbidity and detachment rate of deposited material decreases with increasing backwashing time and increasing total backwash rate. It is also concluded that the energy dissipation and the velocity gradient have a dominant mechanism of filter cleaning.
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