Profile of Risk Factors in Relation to the Outcome of Screening for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) among Pregnant Women in Jos University Teaching Hospital (Juth), Jos

摘要

Background: Several risk factors have been identified as contributing to the development of gestational diabetes mellitus. Knowing and ranking these risk factors for gestational diabetes mellitus will provide useful information for health care providers in educating women on the need to reduce the risk of developing gestational diabetes mellitus. Objectives: The aim of the study is to determine the profile of risk factors in relation tothe outcome of screening for gestational diabetes mellitus. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 130 pregnant women enrolledfrom the antenatal clinic of Jos University Teaching Hospital JUTH. Using a convenient sampling method, screening was done between 24-32 weeks gestation using the 75g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Gestational diabetes mellitus was diagnosed according to WHO criteria. All relevant data including the socio demographic information, obstetric history, past medical history and risk factors for gestational diabetes mellitus, OGTT results were collected and analyzed using the statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 20 Chicago Illinois. Results: Of 130 pregnant women enrolled, 124 subjects were eligible for screening outof which 10(8.1%) had gestational diabetes mellitus giving a prevalence of 8.1%. The pattern of glucose tolerance in the study population indicated that 114(91.9%) had normal glucose tolerance. In the study population current glycosuria and positive family history of diabetes milletus were the most common risk factors for GDM in order of ranking. Conclusion: The prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus was relatively high amongour antenatal population. Women with current glycosuria and positive family history of diabetes have higher likelihood of having gestational diabetes mellitus and should be screened.