Diagnosis and analysis of the situation of the “Black Thibar” sheep breeding in the North of Tunisia

摘要

ThisstudyaimedtoanalyzeandcompareNorthTunisianbreedingsystemsforBlackThibarbreedsheep,surveysofprivatefarmersandorganizedpartsofBejaandBizertesector.Fortyfive(45)shepherds(20inBizerteand25inBeja)whichhaveatotalof9930femaleunits(3850UFinBizerteand6080UFinBeja),wererandomlyselectedandspreadoverdifferentregionsofbothgovernorates.Thedatasurveyanalysisshowedthatover60%offarmersareaged35-55yearsand72%havealevelofeducationissecondaryortertiary.Thetotalareaof#8203;#8203;farmssurveyedis11133ha(4378hainBizerteand6755hainBeja).48%ofinvestigatedfarmersinBeja(n=12)havelessthan100haareaandhold11.46%offemalesheepunits.Farmerswhoownlargeareas(100ha)and52%hold88.54%oftheworkforce.Thistrendisthesameforbothstudyareas.66.66%offarmswerecharacterizedbyamixedfarmingsystem.Theherdsareconductedinsemi-intensive,basedongrainstubble,rangeland,andtoalesserextentforage(hay,barleyforage)andconcentrates.RanchersinthestudyareapracticealineofconventionaldrivingwithastruggleagainstseasonbasedontherameffectespeciallyamongfarmersBeja.Technicalandeconomicparametersanalysisshowedasuperiorityoffertility(91.5%),prolificacy(123%)anddigitaloutput(100%)forfarmersinBejacomparedtothosemadefrombreedersinBizerte(88.5%,114%and93%),respectively.Themortalityrateamonglambsishighinbothstudyareaswith9.89%and12.5%inBejaandBizerte,respectively.