Determinación del estado de salud bucal en pacientes discapacitados del área VII en Cienfuegos

摘要

Background: disability is a social concern; however, there are few studies on the oral health status of disabled patients. Objective: to determine the oral health status of disabled patients of the Area VII in Cienfuegos province. Methods: a case series study was conducted in the Area VII of the municipality of Cienfuegos from January through December 2013. A total of 192 disabled patients who attended the dental clinic or received home visits were included. The variables analyzed were: age, sex, educational level, type of disability, epidemiological classification by oral health status, systemic diseases, risk factors for oral diseases, oral health, periodontal disease (gingivitis, periodontitis), malocclusions, premalignant lesions, need for total or partial denture and need for treatment in primary or secondary care. The information was collected from the medical records and the disability rating sheets. Results are expressed as numbers and percentages. Results: women and patients aged 35-59 years were the most affected. Chronic degenerative diseases predominated, as well as patients in the epidemiological classification by oral health status and hypertension among systemic diseases. Having a history of cavities was the most significant risk factor; chronic edematous gingivitis was the most common, with a higher percentage. Conclusions: the oral health in the study group was poor and it is difficult for the Comprehensive General Dentist to treat these patients despite the existence of care programs for the disabled.