Magnetic [email?protected] x , [email?protected] and α-Fe 2 O 3 Single-Crystal Nanoblends Synthesized by Femtosecond Laser Ablation of Fe in Acetone

摘要

There are few reports on zero-field-cooled (ZFC) magnetization measurements for [email?protected] x or FeO x particles synthesized by laser ablation in liquids (LAL) of Fe, and the minimum blocking temperature (T B ) of 120 K reported so far is still much higher than those of their counterparts synthesized by chemical methods. In this work, the minimum blocking temperature was lowered to 52 K for 4–5 nm α-Fe 2 O 3 particles synthesized by femtosecond laser ablation of Fe in acetone. The effective magnetic anisotropy energy density (K eff ) is calculated to be 2.7–5.4 × 10 5 J/m 3 , further extending the K eff values for smaller hematite particles synthesized by different methods. Large [email?protected] α-Fe 2 O 3 and [email?protected] particles of 10–100 nm in diameter display a soft magnetic behavior with saturation magnetization (M s ) and coercivities (H c ) values of 72.5 emu/g and 160 Oe at 5 K and 61.9 emu/g and 70 Oe at 300 K, respectively, which mainly stem from the magnetism of amorphous Fe cores. Generally, the nanoparticles obtained by LAL are either amorphous or polycrystalline, seldom in a single-crystalline state. This work also demonstrates the possibility of synthesizing single-crystalline α-Fe 2 O 3 hematite crystals of several nanometers with (104), (113), (116) or (214) crystallographic orientations, which were produced simultaneously with other products including carbon encapsulated amorphous Fe ( [email?protected] ) and [email?protected] x core-shell particles by LAL in one step. Finally, the formation mechanisms for these nanomaterials are proposed and the key factors in series events of LAL are discussed.