The Impact of Quality and Safety Management System on the Marine Enviroment Pollution and Ship Losses in Marine Industry

摘要

Transportation is one of the most standardized areas of human activities worldwide known. This is especially true in the marine transportation area, with the majority of standards regulated by the International Maritime Organization (IMO), a specialized United Nations (UN) Agency. IMO members, i. e. all countries involved in the marine transportation, have an obligation to follow and enforce all ratified codes on ships under their respective flags. All others organizations ashore have the same obligations covered by those codes. The percentage of marine accidents/ship losses in the 1990s totaled over 0,2%, and many interested parties (public, insurance companies, unions, ship-owners, cargo owners) expressed dissatisfaction with those indicators. IMO’s response was, along with advocating a more intense worldwide inspection oversight standardization of the requests for quality and safety management system introduction, spanning on all levels of marine transportation. Following the accepted code the implementation and intensification of inspections, the percentage of marine accidents/ship losses has been reduced below 0,1%. Based on that data, an assessment has been made that the marine transportation has greatly benefited from the implementation of Quality and Safety Management Systems and managed to reduce the number of accidents, and the reduction of loss of lives, environment pollution and ship and cargo losses accordingly.