Corrigendum: Neuroinflammation and Cytokines in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS): A Critical Review of Research Methods

摘要

In the original article, there was a mistake in Appendix Table A1 , Cytokine studies of ME/CFS as published. In the “Montoya et al. (2017)” row, the words “and plasma” should have been removed from the “Sample matrix” column as only the serum was analyzed. The words “kit not specified” from the “Kits” column should also be removed. The specific model/catalog number of their 51-multiplex array was not specified, but the table's wording could be misinterpreted because Montoya et al. (2017) specified other assay details. Table A1 Cytokine studies of ME/CFS. Study Diagnostic criteria Sample handling and processing Assays Assay results Sample matrix Collection (Specifications of note) Time of collection Storage Method Manufacturer Kits Increase Decrease No difference Lynn et al. 2018 (109) Fukuda et al. 1994 (71) Plasma samples taken at 30 min intervals on two consecutive days 10:00 a.m.?12:00 p.m. ?80°C Multiplex BD Biosciences Human CBA kit IL-6, TNFα (response to low dose dex, LPS) IP-10, IL-12/23p40 Richardson et al. 2018 (110) Carruthers et al. 2003 (223) Serum non-fasting blood samples collected after 20-min standing test – – Both BD Biosciences; activin ELISA supplied by Oxford Brookes University Human CBA kit 560484 serum activin B IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TNF, IFN γ, IL-17A, activin A Oka et al. 2018 (111) Fukuda et al. 1994 (71), Carruthers et al. 2011 (225), and SEID, 2015 (230) Serum and plasma (TGF-β1, BDNF) after 8 weeks of intervention, blood sampling before and after the last session 2:00–4:00 p.m. ?80°C ELISA Fujirebio, R&D, pbl assay science, BioSource Europe S.A.; R&D IL-6 CLEIA cartridge; Quantikine high-sensitivity ELISA human TNF-α immunoassay; VeriKine Human Interferon Alpha Multi-Subtype Serum ELISA kit; MEDGENIX human IFNγ EASIA kit; Quantikine; Quantikine ELISA human TGF-β1 kit, BDNF kit TNF-α IL-6; IFN-α, IFN-γ; TGF-β1, BDNF Moneghetti et al. 2018 (112) Fukuda et al. 1994 (71) and Carruthers et al. 2011 (225) for PEM Serum fasting blood sample morning ?80°C Multiplex Affymetrix 51-Plex Luminex bead kit CXCL 10 IL-8, CXCL10, CCL4, TNF-β, ICAM-1 IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-1RA, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-10, IL12p40, IL12p70, IL-13, IL-15, IL-17, IL-17F, IL-18, LIF Milrad et al. 2018 (115) Fukuda et al. 1994 (71) Plasma – 11:00 a.m.?3:00 p.m. ?80°C Multiplex Quansys (R&D) Q-plex Human cytokine screen IL-2, IL-6, TNF-α Wyller et al. 2017 (113) Fukuda et al. 1994 (71) and Carruthers et al. 2003 (223) Plasma fasting blood sample, no tobacco 7:30–9:30 a.m. ?80°C Multiplex Bio-Rad Laboratories Bio-Plex Human TGF-β 3-Plex TGF-β1, TGF-β2, TGF-β3 Roerink et al. 2017 (114) Fukuda et al. 1994 (71) and Carruthers et al. 2003 (223) Plasma before and after 4 weeks of treatment – ?80°C Multiplex Olink Proteomics AB; R&D Proseek Multiplex Inflammation panel; TGF-β duo-set DY240 Positively associated with risk of being an ME/CFS patient: CCL4, 1L12β, CCL11, FGF5, IL6, CCL23, CX3CL1, IL10, CXCL5 Negatively associated with risk of being an ME/CFS patient: CXCL6, CXCL10, CXCL9, CCL28, CCL25, CCL20, CCL19, TRAIL, TNFβ, FGF23 IFN-γ, IL-1α, IL-2, IL-4, IL17A, TNF, MCP-3, IL-17c, TSLP, PD-L1, IL-24, IL-13, IL-20, IL-33, LIF, IL-5 Montoya et al. 2017 (116) Fukuda et al. 1994 (71) Serum – 8:30 a.m.?3:30 p.m. ?80°C Multiplex Affymetrix 51-multiplex array TGF-β; IL-13 in severe group (when stratified by severity); significant upward linear trend across severity: CCL11, CXCL1, CXCL10, G-CSF, GM-CSF, IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-5, IL-7, IL-12p70, IL-13, IL-17F, leptin, LIF, NGF, SCF, TGF-α resistin; significant nonlinear inverted trend: ICAM1, resistin 34 others from 51-multiplex array Nagy-Szakal et al. 2017 (117) Fukuda et al. 1994 (71) and Carruthers et al. 2003 (223) Plasma – – ?80°C Multiplex Affymetrix Customized Procarta immunoassay (61-plex) IL1α, IL1β, IL1RA, IL18, IL2, IL4, IL7, IL9, IL13, IL15, IL5, IL6, LIF, IL31, IL10, IL21, IL22, IL12p40, IL12p70, IL23, IL27, IL17A, IL17F, IFNα2, IFNβ, IFNγ, TNFα (TNFSF2), TNFβ (TNFSF1), sFasL (TNFSF6), TRAIL (TNFSF10), CCL2 (MCP1), CCL3 (MIP1a), CCL4 (MIP1b), CCL5 (RANTES), CCL7 (MCP3), CCL11 (eotaxin), CXCL1 (GROa), CXCL8 (IL8), CXCL9 (MIG), CXCL10 (IP10), CXCL12a (SDF1a), PDGFBB, VEGFA, VEGFD, sICAM1 (CD54), VCAM1 (CD106), serpin E1 (PAI1), leptin, resistin, TGFα, TGFβ, FGFβ, βNGF, HGF, SCF, MCSF (CSF1), GMCSF(CSF2), GCSF (CSF3), PlGF1, EGF, BDNF Hornig et al. 2017 (118) Fukuda et al. 1994 (71) and /or Carruthers et al. 2003 (223) CSF CSF samples from biobank – ?80°C Multiplex Affymetrix Customized Procarta immunoassay (51-plex) FGFb in Classical-ME/CFS-short duration compared to Atypical-ME/CFS-short duration; SCF in Atypical-ME/CFS compared to Classical-ME/CFS irrespective of illness duration IL1β, IL5, IL7, IL13, IL17A, IFNα2, IFNγ, TNFα, TRAIL (TNFSF10), CCL2, CCL7, CXCL5, CXCL9, CSF3 (GCSF), βNGF, resistin, serpin E1 (PAI1) in Atypical-ME/CFS-short duration compared to Classical-ME/CFS-short duration; IL7, IL17, CXCL9, serpin E1 in Atypical-ME/CFS-short d