Sustainable Economic Growth in the World Saturated with Population:Innovation Cycles to Internalize External Costs Caused by Innovation

摘要

External costs consist in problems of environment, health, poverty, and security. Reduction of the global unemployment ratio necessitates building innovation cycles of global external-cost internalization to evolve division of labor. In the case that there is a certain degree of demand for goods or services produced by niche industries to internalize external costs in rather sparse-populated regions than megalopolises, compensation for insufficiency of population density necessitates innovation to reduce transport costs drastically within each region, assuming another innovation to manage such large-scale waste-heat caused by transport increase as heat-island phenomena. External-cost internalization necessitates global regulations against "actio de in rem verso," so that insufficiently responsible people may not cause external costs.