Clostridium difficileInfection and Proton Pump Inhibitor Use in Hospitalized Pediatric Cystic Fibrosis Patients

摘要

Children with cystic fibrosis (CF) often take proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), which helps improve efficacy of fat absorption with pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy. However, PPI use is known to be associated withClostridium difficile-(C. diff-) associated diarrhea (CDAD). We retrospectively evaluated the incidence ofC. diffinfection from all pediatric hospital admissions over a 5-year period at a single tertiary children's hospital. We found significantly moreC. diff-positive stool tests in hospitalized patients with CF compared to patients with no diagnosis of CF. However, use of a PPI was not associated with an increased risk of CDAD in hospitalized CF patients. In summary,C. diffinfection is more common in hospitalized pediatric CF patients although PPI use may not be a risk factor for CDAD development in this patient population.