This paper presents a novel method for calculating the transient parameters of a saturated salient-pole synchronous machine (SPSM) with damper cage using finite element analysis. All detailed leakage inductances in a modified d-q model are discussed and separately extracted. In addition; the frozen permeability method is used in a 2-D finite element analysis to consider saturation and skin effects for determining the inductances. The terminal reactance parameters are obtained from all elements of the d- and q-axis equivalent circuits in all the chosen time constants during the transient process. The variation of leakage inductances of the SPSM in transient processes is also investigated and discussed. To determine transient time constant parameters; the Prony algorithm is applied in the presented method. A program developed to automatically solve the simulation and computation with the proposed method is described. This method is applied to a prototype and validated by experimental results. Some discussion about the relationship between rotor geometric design and the transient parameters of SPSMs is provided. The variation of leakage magnetic field of SPSMs in transient processes is also investigated. This method can be applied in transient parameter estimation and optimization of SPSMs in the design stage.
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