Article Validation of Dietary Applications of Household Consumption and Expenditures Surveys (HCES) against a 24-Hour Recall Method in Uganda

摘要

Background. The benefits of food fortification depend onthe proportion of the population that uses the fortifiedfood (coverage), the amount of the food being consumed,and the additional content of micronutrients in the food.Coverage and amounts consumed can be determinedby 24-hour recall or Food Frequency Questionnaires(FFQs). However, these methods are rarely applied.Secondary analysis of data from Household Consumptionand Expenditures Surveys (HCES) can be used forthese purposes; however, such data analysis has not beenvalidated.Objective. To compare the results of HCES and24-hour recall for estimating the consumption profile ofpotential fortification vehicles in Uganda.Methods. Food intake estimates for 24- to 59-montholdchildren and 15- to 49-year-old women derivedfrom a one-day 24-hour recall carried out in Uganda(Kampala, North, and Southwest) were compared withdata from two HCES (2006, nationwide, and 2008, coupledwith the 24-hour recall). The analyzed foods werevegetable oil, sugar, wheat flour, maize flour, and rice.Results. Food consumptio`n estimates calculatedfrom HCES may be less accurate than estimates derivedby 24-hour recall. Nevertheless, the HCES results aresensitive enough to differentiate consumption patternsamong population strata. In Uganda, HCES predictedproportion of the population that consumes the foods,and approximated intakes of main food vehicles by the“observed” consumers (those who reported using thefoods), although estimates for the latter were lower forwheat flour and rice.Conclusions. HCES data offer the basic informationneeded to provide a rationale for, and help design, foodfortification programs. Individual intake surveys are stillneeded, however, to assess intrahousehold use of foods.