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Droplets, Evaporation and a Superhydrophobic Surface: Simple Tools for Guiding Colloidal Particles into Complex Materials

机译:液滴,蒸发和超疏水表面:将胶体颗粒引导到复杂材料中的简单工具

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The formation of complexly structured and shaped supraparticles can be achieved by evaporation-induced self-assembly (EISA) starting from colloidal dispersions deposited on a solid surface; often a superhydrophobic one. This versatile and interesting approach allows for generating rather complex particles with corresponding functionality in a simple and scalable fashion. The versatility is based on the aspect that basically one can employ an endless number of combinations of components in the colloidal starting solution. In addition, the structure and properties of the prepared supraparticles may be modified by appropriately controlling the evaporation process, e.g., by external parameters. In this review, we focus on controlling the shape and internal structure of such supraparticles, as well as imparted functionalities, which for instance could be catalytic, optical or electronic properties. The catalytic properties can also result in self-propelling (supra-)particles. Quite a number of experimental investigations have been performed in this field, which are compared in this review and systematically explained.
机译:可以通过从固体表面上沉积的胶态分散体开始的蒸发诱导自组装(EISA)来实现复杂结构和形状的超颗粒的形成。通常是超疏水的。这种通用且有趣的方法允许以简单且可扩展的方式生成具有相应功能的相当复杂的粒子。多功能性基于这样的方面,即基本上可以在胶体起始溶液中采用无数种组分的组合。另外,可以通过适当地控制蒸发过程,例如通过外部参数,来改变制备的超颗粒的结构和性质。在这篇综述中,我们集中于控制这种超颗粒的形状和内部结构,以及所赋予的功能性,例如可以是催化,光学或电子性质。催化性能也可能导致自推进(超)颗粒。在该领域已经进行了许多实验研究,在本综述中进行了比较并系统地进行了解释。

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