Gender Disparity in Living-Donor Kidney Transplant Among Minority Ethnic Groups

摘要

Objectives: We have limited data on gender disparities between living kidney transplant donors and recipients across ethnic groups. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of all living-donor kidney transplants per-formed at a single center in an ethnically diverse region of England. Data were extracted from the United Kingdom National Transplant Database and University Hospitals Birmingham electronic medical records. Results: We analyzed 713 living-donor kidney transplant procedures that were performed from 1987 to 2014. Gender disparities were observed, with women more likely to be living donors (54.7%) and less likely to be recipients (39.4%). Most male recipients received kidneys from female donors versus male donors (70.2% vs 29.8%), whereas the proportion of men receiving kidneys from women (50.9%) and from men (49.1%) were similar ( P < .001). Black, Asian, and donors from other minority groups comprised 18.7% of the donor cohort. South Asian partner-to-partner transplants (n = 22) were pre-dominantly men receiving transplants from women (90.9%) versus women receiving transplants from men (9.1%; P = .003). Male patients more commonly donated their kidney to children than to women (10.2% vs 6.4%; P = .046). South Asian donations to children were similar between males and females; however, boys exclusively received kidneys from male donors (8/8) versus from female donors (8/12). Conclusions: Gender disparity exists in living-donor kidney transplant, with disparities more pronounced in some ethnic groups and among particular re-lationships. This finding requires targeted counseling and research to understand whether the cause is medical or sociocultural obstacles.