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Does human‐induced hybridization have long‐term genetic effects? Empirical testing with domesticated, wild and hybridized fish populations

机译:人为诱导的杂交是否具有长期遗传效应?对驯养,野生和杂交鱼类种群的实证测试

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AbstractCurrent conservation practices exclude human-generated hybridized populations from protection, as the genetic effects of hybridization in the wild have been observed to be long-lasting based on neutral genetic markers and are considered potentially irreversible. Theory, however, predicts otherwise for genes under selection. We transplanted combinations of wild, domesticated and hybridized populations of a fish species to new environments. We then compared survival, phenotypic variation and plasticity to determine whether hybridization affects adaptive potential after multiple generations of selection in the wild. Although the fitness of our hybridized populations at the onset of hybridization cannot be assessed, our results suggest that within five to eleven generations, selection can remove introduced foreign genes from wild populations that have hybridized with domesticated conspecifics. The end result is hybridized populations that, in terms of survival, phenotypic plasticity, mean trait expression and overall general responses to environmental change, closely resemble neighbouring wild populations. These results have important implications for considering the potential conservation value of hybridized populations and illustrate the effectiveness of selection in a local environment.
机译:摘要当前的保护措施将人类产生的杂交种群排除在保护范围之外,因为基于中性遗传标记已观察到野外杂交的遗传效应是持久的,并且被认为是不可逆的。然而,理论上对选择的基因另有预测。我们将鱼类的野生,驯化和杂交种群的组合移植到了新环境中。然后,我们比较了存活率,表型变异和可塑性,以确定杂交是否在野生环境中经过多代选择后影响适应性潜力。尽管无法评估杂交开始时我们杂交种群的适应性,但我们的结果表明,选择可以在五到十一代内从与驯化同种异体杂交的野生种群中去除引入的外源基因。最终结果是杂交种群,就生存率,表型可塑性,平均性状表达和对环境变化的总体反应而言,它们与邻近的野生种群极为相似。这些结果对于考虑杂交种群的潜在保护价值具有重要意义,并说明了在当地环境中进行选择的有效性。

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