The article analyzes three philosophical problems of science: the concept of the scientific method, the structure of the contemporary methodology of science and the status of general- scientific methods of cognition. Substantiates the following provisions: (1) the term "method of science" does not have a single denotation, and refers to many different scientific methods that are applied in all fields of science, regardless of their content, as well as at all levels of scientific knowledge; (2) modern methodology of scientific cognition consists of two main parts: description of scientific methods and description specially scientific methods: either a methods of particular area of science (mathematics, logic, natural sciences, social sciences and humanities, technical sciences), or a methods of particular level of scientific knowledge (sensual, empirical, theoretical, metatheoretical); (3) a set of general-scientific methods of modern science performs the function of a universal method of science, which was previously given to the different philosophical methods [15].
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