A rare case of accessory mitral valve tissue causing left ventricular outflow tract obstruction associated with parachute mitral valve, ventricular septal defect, bicuspid aortic valve, unruptured aneurysm of aortic sinus: a case report

摘要

Background Accessory mitral valve tissue rarely causes left ventricular outflow tract obstruction in adults. It is often associated with other cardiac and vascular congenital malformations. Here, we report the rarest presentation of accessory mitral valve tissue (AMVT) causing left ventricular outflow tract obstruction. Case summary A 22-year-old female patient presented with a history of shortness of breath and chest pain for more than 5 years. A diagnosis of AMVT with parachute mitral valve, ventricular septal defect (VSD), bicuspid aortic valve, unruptured aneurysm of aortic sinus, and left ventricular outflow tract obstruction was made. Successful closure of VSD with mitral valve replacement, excision of AMVT, and repair of the aortic sinus were performed. The post-operative course was uneventful, and an echocardiogram showed complete resection of the accessory mitral valve, no residual shunt and no left ventricular outflow gradient. Additionally, the peak gradient of rapid filling phase and atrial systolic phase across the prosthetic mitral valve were 16?mmHg and 4?mmHg, respectively. The peak velocity across left ventricular outflow tract was 1.4?m/s. Discussion Accessory mitral valve tissue is associated with other cardiac abnormalities and is usually diagnosed in the first or second decade of life. It is responsible for left ventricular outflow tract obstruction. The obstruction can occur in the early period of life due to continued deposition of fibrous tissues within left ventricular outflow tract. Accessory mitral valve tissue should be considered a rare but important cause of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction. Accessory mitral valve tissue , Left ventricular outflow tract obstruction , Parachute mitral valve , Case report Learning points Accessory mitral valve tissue is a rare congenital anomaly of endocardial cushion development. It rarely causes left ventricular outflow tract obstruction in adults and is often associated with other cardiac and vascular congenital malformations. Accessory mitral valve tissue has been described as parachute-like, sail-shaped, sac-like, leaflet-like, or as a sheet.