Syair Gulong Ketapang West Kalimantan With The National Resistance Approach

摘要

The cultural research of Gulong Poetry in Ketapang, West Kalimantan has two objectives: 1) To know the development of Gulong Poetry as Malay literary art in the Kingdom of Tanjungpura in 1970-1990, 2) To find out the dynamics of Gulong Poetry art towards the West Kalimantan Malay community with the National Resilience approach. This study uses a historical method that begins with the heuristic stage, namely the collection of data from contemporary historical sources found at the National Archives of the Republic of Indonesia, National Library, Historical and Traditional Valuation Centers of Pontianak. And the next stage is to criticize the existence of culture with the National Resilience approach. The results of the study show that the Gulong Poem is an oral literary art that has been passed down from generation to generation since the time of the Kingdom of Tanjungpura to the contemporary era. This art had experienced stagnation during the Dutch colonial period and Japanese Occupation, then reappeared in the 70s to 90s and 2000s. In a social perspective, Gulong Poetry was released from the limitations which previously developed only in the royal environment into arts which lived in the middle of the people, becoming a medium for West Kalimantan Malay people to express their aspirations, inspiration, criticism, and entertainment. In the viewpoint of art, Gulong Poetry undergoes a change from the previous literary book and is preserved through the tradition of transferring books from hand to hand and narrated by word of mouth, into the art of oral literature whose text is written and the poem is read and sung in front of the public. Entering the era of globalization, the culture of the Gulong Poetry is feared unable to survive with the global flow of modern art, which is now very often heard by the public. Gulong poetry can only be heard by the public at certain events such as the sacred community of Malay people who are aware of culture such as marriage and circumcision.