Epidemiology of patients with bad cervix attending gynaecology OPD of a tertiary care centre in Western Uttar Pradesh, India

摘要

Background: Cervical cancer is one of the biggest health problems of women around the world. An estimated 4,70,000 new cases are diagnosed worldwide annually with about 80% of these being in developing countries with India contributing to about a quarter of it. Pap smear and colposcopy are two non-invasive methods for screening of cervical cancer with varying sensitivity and specificity. This study uses these along with histopathology to find out premalignant lesions in women of rural western Uttar Pradesh, India and to find their correlation with various socio-demographic features. Methods: This prospective clinical study was carried out in department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology in Muzaffarnagar Medical College from 1supst/sup January 2012 to 31supst/sup December 2014. Those patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria had their Pap smear done at first visit followed by colposcopy when cytology report was available. Colposcopically indicated biopsy was done only in those patients who had suspicious areas on colposcopy. Results: Out of total 500 women included in the study majority although having a bad cervix were having a normal pap smear (45%). LSIL and HSIL were present in 17.4% and 9.8% respectively. Squamous metaplasia was the most common abnormal finding seen in 12.2% of cases followed by acetowhite areas (7.6%). Only 137 patients who had abnormal colposcopic findings were subjected to biopsy. Conclusions: In present study it was found that increasing age, early age at coitarche and high parity are risk factors for high grade lesions. Colposcopy served as a tool to decrease the need for invasive procedure i.e biopsy.