Diabetes and Myocardial Infarction: Epidemiology, Pathological Mechanism, Preventive Measures and Future Directions - A Mini Review

摘要

Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder. Long term diabetes mellitus leads to diabetic ketoacidosis, hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic foot and myocardial infarction. Myocardial infarction is the most important complications of diabetes mellitus affects large number of people. In this article we reviewed the Complications of diabetes mellitus and also discussed the epidemiology, pathophysiology, preventive measures of myocardial infarction and future research in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes mellitus is significantly associated with acute myocardial infarction. The common risk factors of myocardial infarction are smoking, alcohol consumption, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, obesity andstress. Preventive measures include reducing blood pressure, correcting dyslipidemia, reducing obesity, smoking cessation, exercise and reducing cholesterol and also include drug therapy like beta blockers, aspirin and Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)- inhibitors.