The parallelism of a linear rolling guide pair directly affects the machining precision of machine tools. Therefore, it’s necessary and meaningful to find the measurement method to test them. A test method of parallelism of rolling linear guide pairs based on non-contact laser displacement sensors has been put forward. The paper derives an analytical testing algorithm of measurements of five laser displacement sensors to obtain the parallelism and their error analysis of linear rolling guide pairs. The parallelism of linear guide pairs includes five movement precisions which are horizontal parallelism, vertical parallelism, elevation angle, deflection angle and roll angle of a slider block relative to its guide way. The converting formulas from the laser sensors’ measurement to the two parallelisms and three angles are derived based on the basic theory of three-points can determine a plane. Because the sensors are installed with inevitably errors, the deviation of two parallelisms and three angles caused by the errors are analyzed. Results show that two parallelisms and three rotation angles depend critically on the measuring length of five laser sensors. The paper provides an effective method for measuring the parallelism and makes progress of the automatic detection of a linear rolling guide pair.
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