Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) is a collection of mobile nodes which are self-managed and connected by wireless links automatically as per the delineate routing protocol. These nodes communicate with each other in its range and those which are not in wireless range can communicate the multi hop communication in which other node relay the packets. Due to absent of a defined central authority, securitizing the routing process becomes a challenging job by that leaving MANETs vulnerable to attacks, which results in degrade in the performance characteristics as well as enhance a serious question mark about the reliability of such networks. Black hole is a type of routing attack, an attackers first introduce itself in the forwarding group but it does not forwarding the data packet, it drops all the packet and it result receive a poor packet delivery ratio. In this paper we have acted to present an abstract of the routing protocols, the known routing attacks and to measure misbehavior activity of these attacks in various works. Proposed approaches can be integrated on top of any source routing protocol and based on forwarding acknowledgement packets and calculating the number of data packets of active path.
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