Biometrics technology, which uses physical or behavioral characteristics to identify users, has come to attract increased attention as a means of reliable personal authentication that helps the identity of an actual user. Among various modalities of Biometrics, Fingerprints are known to have the longest history of actual use in law enforcement applications with proven performance. This project surveys the state of the art in fingerprint identification technology. In this project, a design schema of a security authentication system combined with fingerprint identification and public key cryptography is explored, and its specific security mechanism is discussed in detail. In our schema, fingerprint is added into user's private key and served a security parameter, such that users secret key is separated into secret key parameters and fingerprint, by secret splitting mechanism, which makes the secret key to be bounded with user's information. This will increase the security of secret key ultimately. In such an authentication system, the diplex authentication technologies --- fingerprint and smart card --- are adopted, and the user fingerprint neednt to be transmitted during the authentication process, which can protect user's privacy effectively.
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