Implication of insertion/deletion polymorphism of angiotensin converting enzyme gene in the occurrence of type 2 diabetes in the Gabonese Population

摘要

Diabetes is a metabolic disease most often associated with complications when the biological parameters are uncontrolled, so management of diabetes remains a challenge in Africa. The aim of this study was to find a relationship between the I/D polymorphism of the gene encoding for angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and type 2 diabetes in Gabonese subjects. This study was carried out in the laboratory of the Research Unit of the University of Health Sciences. The study population consisted of 225 subjects. This panel was composed of 88 controls (normoglycemic and non-hypertensive and not having a family history of diabetes) and 137 type 2 diabetic individuals. The genotypic analysis of the ACE gene of the different subjects was carried out by the technique of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Categorical and continuous variables were compared between diabetic patients and controls using the Chi-square test (χ2) for categorical and the ANOVA test for continuous. The distribution of DD, ID, and II genotypes in controls and diabetics was 63.6%, 33%; 3.4% respectively and 65.7%; 31.4%; 2.9%. In addition, the allelic distribution showed that the alleles I and D in the controls and the diabetic subjects had proportions of 19.9%; 80.1% vs. 18.6%; 81.4% respectively. The genotypic and allelic differences between the two groups were not significant (p ≥ 0.05). Therefore the allele D would not be the factor involving the I/D polymorphism in the occurrence of type 2 diabetes in the Gabonese population.