Human mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes promote orderly cartilage regeneration in an immunocompetent rat osteochondral defect model

摘要

The osteochondral injury is a common disease in clinic, which is a huge burden on society and economy, but the treatment has always been a problem. In view of the importance of the zone of calcified cartilage in maintaining the stable microenvironment of bone and cartilage respectively and promoting osteochondral healing and stress conduction, an organic-inorganic composite tissue engineering scaffolds used to reconstruct calcified cartilage layer were built, and the relationship between calcium magnesium silicate content and the compressive properties of the scaffolds was investigated systematically. Materials: Hyaluronic acid sodium, sodium alginate, collagen type I, CaCl2, Ca(NO3)2$4H2O, Mg(NO3)2$6H2O, Na2SiO3$9H2O, ammonia, anhydrous alcohol, polyvinyl alcohol. Background: Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy is currently evaluated in clinical trials for treatment of cartilage injuries. While cell therapy has demonstrated therapeutic efficacy, logistical and operational challenges associated with shipping constraint, storage and proper handling remain. Exosomes are nano-sized, cell-secreted bi-lipid membrane vesicles present in MSC secretome that have been found to mediate the regenerative and immunomodulatory functions of MSCs in treatment of various diseases in animal models. Here, we hypothesize that human MSC exosomes may represent a novel cell-free therapeutic to promote cartilage regeneration.