El virus del mosaico amarillo de la papa de Panam?? (PYMPV): un pat?3geno emergente que infecta tomate industrial en la provincia de Los Santos, Panam??

摘要

Begomoviruses (genus Begomovirus, family Geminiviridae) constitute the main phytosanitary problem of tomato crop in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. These viruses are transmitted by the whitefly Bemisia tabaci, which in recent years has had a significant increase in its populations, and has been associated with the appearance of viral symptoms in tomato crops in Panama. A survey was carried out on industrial tomato crops from Los Santos province in the period 2016-2017, with the objective of determine the incidence of begomovirus in this region. Seventy leaf samples from tomato plants showing symptoms associated to viral infections were collected in nine plots located in seven distinct locations, which constitute the main tomato producing zones in this province. DNA extraction was performed from each sample and the extracts were analyzed by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique, using two pairs of degenerate primers to detect the genus Begomovirus. Samples that showed a positive reaction were analyzed with specific primers to identify the three begomovirus species that infect tomato in Panama, being these, Potato yellow mosaic Panama virus (PYMPV), Tomato yellow mottle virus (TYMoV) and Tomato leaf curl Sinaloa virus (ToLCSiV). Fifty-eight (58) tomato samples (82.9% of the total samples collected) were begomovirus positive. One hundred percent (100%) of these samples was infected with PYMPV. The presence of TYMoV and ToLCSiV was not determined in the analyzed samples. These results were confirmed by DNA sequencing and sequences analysis. The association of PYMPV with the serious damage recently suffered by the tomato industry with the decrease of its production is discussed in this study.