Creaci?3n de un jard?-n bot??nico y de ??rbol madre de arbustivas forrajeras nativas del estado de Sonora

摘要

The Mexican state of Sonora has a great diversity of floristic plant species with great fodder value that are currently in danger of disappearing or diminishing their populations, due to the bad handling of the rangelands, and the change of land use (urbanization, agriculture, aquaculture, mining industry and cement etc.), causing serious problems to the natural ecosystems. Our work was done to establish a botanical garden and mother tree of forage shrubs of the state of Sonora. An area of 2 hectares was conditioned and a drip irrigation system was installed. The involved species were 10 shrubs and 10 trees with an average age of 2 years. The transplant survival of the shrub species was 70 to 90% and the trees presented from 60 to 100%. The bush trees reached 6.20 to 20.76 cm2 of stem diameter, a crown diameter from 0.63 to 2.11 m2 and a height from 0.45 to 1.62m. The growth rate of the stem diameter was from 22.3 to 43.2, its crown from 28.8 to 67.4 and the heights from 17.0 to 48.6%. On the other hand, the trees stem diameters reached from 0.85 to 31.93 cm2, the crown diameters from 0.62 to 2.82 m2, and heights of 0.47 to 1.97 meters. Their growth rate for the stem diameter was from 15.2 to 77.0%, the crowns 12.9 to 61.5% and heights from 7.7 to 82.5%. With the irrigation systems, some species presented flowering from 3 to 4 times during the year.