Genetic Analysis of Kernel Size and Kernel Weight in Bread Wheat ( T. aestivum L.)

摘要

In order to estimate genetic parameters, heterosis and heritability for the kernel size and kernel weight, three bread wheat genotypes 84 CZT 04 (large-kerneled), Panda (medium-kerneled) and Bow S/CrowS (small-kerneled) were reciprocal crossed in six combinations. Means of the six populations (P₁, P₂, F₁, F₂, BC₁ and BC₂) were used to estimate genetic parameters. Generation mean analyses of genetic effects indicated that large kernel ratio is dominant over thin kernel and high kernel weight is dominant over low. Heterosis ranged from 0.03 to 45.53% and 0.63 to 15.42% for large kernel ratio and kernel weight, respectively. Higher heterosis were detected in the crosses where large-kerneled parent used as female. Narrow-sense heritability estimates ranged from 60 to 99% for large kernel ratio and 23 to 100% for kernel weight. Additive (d) and dominance (h) effects were more consistent and important in determining large kernel ratio and also epistatic gene action is effective for kernel weight.