Genetic distance between the Polish Red, Czech Red and German Red cattle estimated based on selected loci of protein coding genes and DNA microsatellite sequences

摘要

The investigations covered the representatives of three red cattle breeds: Polish Red (PR, n = 65), Czech Red (CR, n = 54) and German Red (GR, n = 28). The allele frequency was analysed for five protein genes: CSN3, LGB, GH, PRL and Pit-1 as well as 13 microsatellite sequences. In the populations of PR and GR cattle the frequencies of protein loci were similar, with a clearly marked domination of one allele. Only in the CR cattle, allele frequencies were similar for all the protein loci analysed (with the exception of Pit-1) with no clear dominance of any one allele. Out of the 13 microsatellite sequences analysed six showed a similar distribution of the allele frequencies in all three breeds, while the remaining ones were characterized by a wide variation. On the basis of the results obtained the genetic distance was estimated between breeds. The smallest genetic distance was observed between the PR and GR population. In turn, between the PR and CR as well as CR and GR populations, the genetic distance proved to be similar, the most similar being obtained on the basis of Nei method.