With the high strength and high impact resistance, the steel structure has been widely applied in the military field of protective armor, weapon shelter and other military fields, and the impact resistance of steel structure has become the focus and hotspot of research. The smoothed particle hydrodynamics method was used to simulate the process of the hemispherical head impact on the multi-layer steel plate. Compared with the experiment, the failure mode of the steel plate after the impact of the hemispherical head was analyzed, and the plate uplift at the impact point was obtained, and the process of butterfly failure, the Von Mises stress distribution of the steel plate and the remaining velocity of the hemispherical head shot were obtained, which verified the effectiveness of the SPH method in simulating the steel plate's penetration deformation problem. Through numerical simulations, the effects of steel body layers and the thickness of the steel body on the anti-penetration properties was studied. The results show that the single-layer steel plate is more resistant than the multi-layer steel plate at 3 mm, and the multi-layer steel plate is more than single-layer steel plate at 9 mm. 12mm multi-layer steel plate and single-layer steel plate protection is same.
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