The effect of auxins on rooting of Andean blueberry ( Vaccinium meridionale Swartz) cuttings in different substrates

摘要

Andean blueberry is a berry that grows in spontaneous way in the Colombian Andean region and presents a high exportation potential, while it is difficult to propagate it using cuttings. The present research was done in order to characterize the viability and rooting potential of Andean blueberry cuttings in two different substrates under greenhouse conditions using auxins indolebutyric acid (IBA), naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and indoleacetic acid (IAA) in three concentrations. The research was divided in two phases, the first had the objective to test the effect of IAA, IBA, NAA in different concentrations (1, 10, and 20 mg·L^-1 IAA, 50, 200 and 500 mg·L^-1 NAA and IBA) on the viability and rooting of Andean blueberry cuttings in two substrates (soil + peat moss 1:1 and peat moss only). The second phase tested IBA in different concentrations (0, 50, 100, 500, 1000 and 2000 mg·L^-1) over one substrate (coal dross + soil in relation 1:1), in order to analyze the rooting of the specie. The result of the experiments showed that treatments with IAA and IBA increased the viability of cuttings. The young cuttings of Andean blueberry demonstrated the rhizogenic activity and the use of hormones is viable to induce the formation of adventitious roots. The results suggested that the best treatment to induce rooting was 200 mg·L^-1 IBA applied at the base of cuttings in a mixture with talc reaching 18,7% rooting after two months after application and the highest average number of adventitious roots per plant 3,3.