Biological control of Meloidogyne javanica by Trichoderma harzianum BI and salicylic acid on Tomato

摘要

In this study,Trichoderma harzianumBIwas evaluated for its capacity to reduce the incidence and pathogenicity of the root-knot nematodeMeloidogyne javanicaon tomato. Culture filtrates ofT. harzianumBIat different concentrations, (standard, 1:1, 1:10, and 1:100) were studied.In vitrostudies revealed that hatching ofM. javanicaeggs were inhibited by the culture filtrates and this inhibition was positively correlated with increase in the concentration of culture filtrates. Parasitism ofM. javanicaeggs byT. harzianumBI ranged from 21% in control to 84% in antagonistic fungi.T. harzianumBI reduced nematode damage to tomatoin vivo, too. Treatment of the soil with the antagonistic fungi andsalicylic acidclearly improved nematode control when applied jointly or alone. The antagonistic fungi andsalicylic acidwere further tested for their ability to induce production of defense related enzymes in tomato. Earlier and increased activities of soluble peroxidase (SPOX) was observed inT. harzianumBIand salicylic acidtreated tomato inoculated withM. javanica. Thus, the present study shows that in addition to direct antagonism, induction of defense-related enzymes involved in peroxidase pathway contributed to enhance resistance against invasion ofM. javanicain tomato.