THE HYDROLOGICAL AND ANTI-EROSION EFFICIENCY OF NATIONAL FOREST FUND IN THE CONTEXT OF NATIONAL RISK MANAGEMENT. BIBLIOGRAPHIC PAPER

摘要

The national forest fund represents entirety the land with natural or cultural forests or the land with afforestation works. Also, are included lands who serve to production or forest administration, ponds, stream beds, other lands with lumbering destination and unproductive/degraded lands, which are contained in the forest planning.. One of the subjects put into research of this article is to determine how the forest prevents the degradation phenomenon of ecosystems. In this article is made particular references to the hydrographic basin Mures-Aranca, which is consists of the forests that occupy the lands with the most heterogeneous stationary conditions, and of the some areas from the forest fund represented by the improvement perimeters. These degradation phenomenon, such as: the landslides, the surface erosion, the bedrock surface and the deep erosion, could be prevented or combated by the degree of afforestation of a basin and the structure of forest stands. To get the efficiency of forest stands by anti-erosion and hydrological point of view, it can be used the qualitative mapping system proposed for the first time by Al. Apostol (1972), who was able to get an effective delimitation according to their structural features. Thus, were constitute 4 hydrological categories, A=high hydrological efficiency, B=medium hydrological efficiency, C=reduced hydrological efficiency, D=low hydrological efficiency. These hydrological categories assist in obtaining a statistical picture of forest vegetation from a basin and in comparing basins between them.