Acaricidal effects of essential oils from Rosmarinus officinalis L,and Mentha spicata L against Varroa destructor (Mesostigmata :Varroidae) agent of the varroatoose bee.

摘要

The parasitic Varroa destructor of the honey bee Apis mellifera intermissa is considered currently the greatest threat in this insect. The firstattacks are hardly noticeable. It will sometimes take three years before we notice the first symptoms. From this time, the infestation canprogress very quickly and lead to a sharp increase in mortality rates. In the present study, the toxicity of essential oils from Rosmarinusofficinalis Land Mentha spicata L extracted by hydrodistillation was tested on Varroa destructor. In order to study the effect of these plants,three lots were formed at an apiary in Mitidja. The first batch is treated with the essential oil of rosemary, the second batch with the mint.The third batch has not undergone any treatment. The results show mortality and a relatively high efficiency with an average rate of 65.40 %and an efficiency of 95.89% for rosemary. For mint oil, we found an average rate of 56.44 % mortality and an efficiency of 97.38%.However, for the batch three untreated; the mortality rate of dead mites in a natural way throughout the treatment period is estimated at56.65%. Therefore, essential oils have significantly reduced the initial infestation rate which was higher compared to that recorded at the endof treatments for all colonies.